Published in the Journal of Advanced Nursing, the following study investigated the extent to which the various features of resident-oriented care were implemented and its effects on nurses’ work characteristics and on psychological and behavioral outcomes. The quantitative data showed significant increases in resident assignment, the two variables measuring the nursing process and on resident-oriented tasks.The qualitative data illustrate that effects on work perceptions were limited and the experimental group showed an increase in job autonomy. The intervention appeared to be only partly successful. While some expected results did not materialize, theoretical and methodological reflections are presented.