Published in the Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, the following study utilizes a transactional approach to examine stress and coping in oncology nurses. It suggests that nurses who work on hematologic oncology units experience high levels of occupational stress. The study also provides a hierarchical clustering of coping behaviors adopted by nurses to deal with stress. The integration of this rigorous empirical methodology and the theoretically advanced transactional model of stress yields a rich description of the structure underlying this complex environment. In turn, the results of this integration provided for a relatively seamless transition from theory to research to intervention, a sequence that has historically posed a significant challenge for both the scientist and the practitioner.