The following systematic review examines the impact of EHR on documentation time of physicians and nurses, and identifies factors that may explain efficiency differences across studies. Expectations of EHR implementation projects that documentation time will be decreased are unlikely to be fulfilled, especially with physicians. However, EHR and CPOE systems can generate time savings in other activities, such as accessing a patient chart or maintaining patients’ report forms. This suggests that a shift from the user’s efficiency to the organization’s or even the system’s efficiency is needed.