The following article in Medical Education on mindfulness examines the extent to which this work is carried out with medical students and residents. A literature search reveals that 14 medical schools teach mindfulness to medical and dental students and residents. A wide range of dissemination pedagogies in mindfulness-based stress reduction including simple lectures, 1-day workshops and 8-10-week programs are reported. Two medical schools integrated mindfulness into their curricula: the University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry (USA) and Monash Medical School (Australia). Studies show that students who follow these programs experience decreased psychological distress and an improved quality of life. The authors pose questions about optimal time for training, sustaining learned practices, and necessity of integration into curriculum.