Published in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons, the following study sought to identify the prevalence of recent malpractice litigation against American surgeons and evaluate associations with personal well-being. Members of the American College of Surgeons were sent an anonymous, cross-sectional survey, asking about their involvement in a malpractice suit over the past two years as well as their demographic variables, practice characteristics, career satisfaction, burnout, and quality of life. Results indicated that malpractice lawsuits are common and may have profound personal consequences for U.S. surgeons. Recent malpractice suits were strongly related to burnout, depression, and recent thoughts of suicide among surgeons.