The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) published guidelines for oncology clinicians on effective use of communication to optimize the patient-clinician relationship, patient and clinician well-being, and family well-being. The multidisciplinary panel of professionals and experts performed systematic literature review and a formal consensus process. The review found limited evidence for the clinical questions posed with the exception of communication skills training. The panel developed consensus recommendations to address discussion of goals of care and prognosis, treatment selection, end-of-life care, facilitating family involvement in care, and clinician training in communication skills and suggest strategies for implementation.