This study utilized mixed methodologies to evaluate the well-being of foundation year 2 (F2) trainees. Phase 1 describes the aims of delivering foundation training (FT) and assesses how FT is implemented on a regional basis, particularly in emergency medicine (EM). Phase 1 of the study found that regional variation exists. Furthermore, F2 lacks a clearly defined end point and there is minimal focus on the well-being of F2 doctors. The study found that disagreement existed about the performance and confidence levels of F2 doctors. Phase 2 identifies how well-being and motivation are influenced over F2. F2 doctors reported significantly increased confidence in managing common acute conditions and undertaking practical procedures over their second foundation year. Additionally, F2 doctors had levels of job satisfaction and anxiety/depression comparable to or better than those of other NHS workers. Overall, F2 doctors are benefiting from the training provided as we found improvements in perceived confidence and competence although no significant relationships between well-being of foundation doctors and quality of care was found.