The following study, published in Academic Medicine, explores relationships between sleep deprivation and changes in mood disturbances, empathy, and burnout among internal medicine interns. The prevalence of chronic sleep deprivation, depression, burnout, and empathy increased from baseline to year end. Specifically, the prevalence “high” chronic sleep deprivation, moderate depression, and “high” burnout increased dramatically. Furthermore, the study finds an association between becoming chronically sleep deprived and becoming depressed. Based on the results, the study advises a warranted outcome assessment examining the effect of duty-hour reform on resident hours slept, hours worked, and mood.