In a national mailed survey, 2536 Canadian physicians were analyzed for levels of burnout, values congruence, and workload by sex, measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory and the Areas of Worklife Scale. Results showed a moderate level of burnout among Canadian physicians, with relatively positive scores on exhaustion, average scores on cynicism, and mildly negative scores on professional efficacy. Specifically, the congruence of individual values with values inherent in the health care system appeared to be of greater consequence for women than for men.