Hackathon: Tech & Media Solutions to Reduce STIs
Background
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a longstanding problem in the United States, with persistently high, increasing, and now record-level rates of reported cases. One important area to explore to prevent and control STIs is technology and new media. Much has changed in the technology and media landscape in the past two decades that has had an impact on STI acquisition, prevention, screening, and treatment. Technological tools, including artificial intelligence (AI), highly immersive media, and cryptographic data transfer methods/blockchain apps, are rapidly changing STI epidemiology and intervention efforts.
The National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (National Academies), in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the National Association of County and City Health Officials (NACCHO), held an in-person and virtual hackathon to generate innovative technological solutions to address the increase in cases of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States.
Key Considerations
How, why, when, and where do technologies increase risk?
How, when, and where can they be leveraged to promote sexual health?
How can public health integrate this knowledge into daily STI prevention and control efforts to ensure safe and ethical oversight?
Solution Development
The competing teams focused on bringing innovative solutions to address the STI epidemic to reality, using a rapid turnaround approach. The hackathon focused on technological solutions, building on the recent National Academies Report Sexually Transmitted Infections: Adopting a Sexual Health Paradigm, and centered on the portion of the report that discussed and provided recommendations on technology, new media, and STI surveillance.
The hackathon organizers provided specific challenges to the competitors, background information on STIs, and mentorship during the event for both in-person and virtual events.
Previous Hackathons
Irvine, CA Hackathon
On June 22-23, 2023, the National Academies hosted an in-person STI Hackathon in Irvine, CA. During the Hackathon, teams pursued answers across two tracks — AI-powered software and data analytics — to generate feasible, innovative, original, and implementable solutions to prevent and control STIs. Regular check-ins with expert mentors and judges were available for all teams to hone and refine their pitches, along with a show-and-tell opportunity for teams to present their ideas to fellow competitors.
The judges awarded five teams with six awards. Within each track, the first-place teams were eligible for grants and two YouTube Health Innovation Prizes of $5,000, which recognized solutions that took particularly innovative or original approaches, was also awarded in each track. In addition to prizes and grants, the winning teams will receive ongoing mentorship from experts in engineering, medicine, public health, and project development on how to best develop and implement their solutions, as well as publication opportunities through NAM. A list of winners in each track, mentors, and judges is below. Read the full press release announcement here.
June 2023 Hackathon Winners
AI-Powered Software Solutions Track:
First Place: The winning solution, Poppy, an AI-powered STI diagnosis app and website, offers a personalized and humanized approach to diagnosis and support. By asking personalized questions and incorporating in-house image processing, Poppy will provide accurate preliminary diagnoses and tailored recommendations. Poppy also ensures user privacy by not transmitting sensitive data over the internet. With Poppy, individuals can confidently navigate STI diagnosis, access vital resources, and receive personalized sexual health recommendations. It aims to humanize health care by empowering individuals and dismantling barriers to sexual health services. The app flow involves user onboarding, an initial assessment with image processing, preliminary diagnosis, and personalized feedback. Poppy aims to leverage technology to empower and improve accessibility for end users.
Team members: Joshua Inhyuk Choi (University of California, Irvine), Nathan Choi (University of California, Irvine), and Paul Wong (University of California, Santa Cruz)
Second Place: STIcker allows patients to obtain preliminary STI consultation and self-education via a website (STIcker = STI: “Sexually Transmitted Infection,” C: “classification,” K: “Knowledge,” E: “Eradication,” and R: “Reporting”). The “Classification” page of the STIcker website relies on deep AI learning. Users upload several pictures of skin conditions, and the website classifies the images and gives a preliminary result, picture by picture, indicating whether the images imply chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis, trichomoniasis, or none (additional photographs will be needed to refine the prototype). The “Knowledge” tab provides preliminary information and links about STIs that can help bridge users to knowledge. The “Eradication” tab allows the user to access a list of nearby providers. The “Reporting” tab will track the number of STIs in a particular location (based on user data) to allow governmental and public health programs to be better target their efforts.
Team members: Lalit Patel (data science) and Sean Patel (University of California, Riverside, Neuroscience 2023 Graduate)
YouTube Health Innovation Prize: SympToDialog is an AI-powered chatbot designed to simulate patient interactions during medical appointments to improve health care providers’ proficiency at taking patients’ sexual histories, promote confidence, and enhance STI diagnostic skills. It offers a diverse range of personas with factors such as age, sexual orientation, ethnicity, cultural background, sexual behavior, geographic location, and biological factors. The chatbot engages in realistic conversations with medical professionals, allowing them to practice their skills and obtain feedback for improvement.
Team members: Jimy Bombela (California State University, Fullerton, Computer Science 2023 Graduate), Kenny Garcia (California State University, Fullerton, Computer Science Undergraduate), Mauricio Macias (California State University, Fullerton, Computer Science 2021 Graduate), and Ricky Morales (California State University, Fullerton, Computer Science Undergraduate)
Data Analytics Track:
First Place and YouTube Health Innovation Prize: Porcupine is a user-centered application (available via any mobile or web browser) aimed at improving the digital care pathway and providing a data collection model for future accurate and insightful real-time data analytics. It empowers people with tailored, AI-powered sexual health information based on their age, gender, sexual orientation, race, and ethnicity; reduces barriers by identifying sexual health checkup and testing sites based on preferences and filter criteria; and allows anonymous reviews. The testing experience is private and secure via unique test codes allowing patients to visit clinics and sites without sharing their personal details onsite.
Team members: Zhuyuan He (full-stack developer/data visualization/interaction design and prototyping) and Jimmy Wang (software engineering/computer science)
Second Place: STIgma addresses critical barriers to equitable sexual health education, easy linkage to sexual health services, and addresses other sexual health concerns faced by young adults using an evolving AI-powered interactive chat experience. AI will help generate organic social media posts and digital ads on social media and dating sites to target diverse subgroups of 15- to 24-year-olds. Based on the user’s interaction with the AI, they are provided with appropriate STI education and resources. AI can also help identify social media influencers who could create content for specific demographics.
Team members: Oscar Florez (full-stack developer/generative AI), Cornelius Jamison (family medicine physician/health care researcher), Matt Kilboy (registered nurse/health informatics), and Victor Nguyen (front-end developer/software engineering)
June 2023 Hackathon Mentor Panel and Judges
The Hackathon mentor panel was:
- Catherine Diamond, clinical professor of medicine and epidemiology, Division of Infectious Diseases, UCI Health; researcher, Genetic Epidemiology Research Institute
- Abraham Johnson, HIV community engagement officer, Treatment Action Group
- Elizabeth (Lizzi) Torrone, lead, case-based surveillance team, Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Sean Young, professor of emergency medicine, UCI School of Medicine; professor of informatics, UCI Bren School of Information and Computer Sciences; executive director, University of California Institute for Prediction Technology
The Hackathon judges were:
- Abhik Choudhury, senior analytics managing consultant and data scientist, IBM
- Jen Hecht, co-founder and director, Building Healthy Online Communities
- Alok Patra, public health informatics branch director, National Association of County and City Health Officials
- Sonia Almonte, senior program analyst, National Association of County and City Health Officials
- Saugat Karki, health scientist (senior service fellow), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Allysha Maragh-Bass, scientist, Behavioral, Epidemiological, and Clinical Sciences Division, FHI 360
Virtual Hackathon
From Sept. 19 to Oct. 30, the National Academies hosted a virtual STI Hackathon that attracted more than 125 registered competitors from academia, philanthropy, and private industry. During the Hackathon, competing individuals and teams each created either a functional prototype or proof of concept illustrating the feasibility of their solution. Sessions with expert mentors and judges were available for all teams to hone and refine their pitches.
The judges evaluated the competitors’ solutions based on innovation, feasibility, technical complexity, implementation, potential impact and scalability, and presentation. Three grant-winning teams ($12,000 grant for first place, $6,000 grant for second place, and $2,000 grant for third place) and two NAM Reproductive Health, Equity, and Society Innovation Prizes of $2,000, which recognized solutions that took particularly innovative or original approaches, were awarded by the judges. In addition to prizes and grants, the winning teams will receive ongoing mentorship from experts in engineering, medicine, public health, and project development on how to best develop and implement their solutions, as well as publication opportunities through NAM. A list of winners in each track, mentors, and judges is below. Read the full press release announcement here.
Virtual Hackathon Winners
First Place — StatusQuo serves as a comprehensive solution to addressing disparities in sexual health in a free, user-friendly, inclusive platform. The app empowers individuals to take charge of their well-being while dismantling the social stigma surrounding STIs. With cutting-edge features such as QR code verification for updated STI test results, STI testing appointment reminders, and confidential record-keeping that can be shared with health care professionals, the app encourages transparency, routine testing, and informed choices. The road map for this project includes plans for health portal integration, stricter user verification, discreet partner notifications, symptom information, and pill bottle scanning to ensure users take the right medication at the right time. Creator: Jeressia Williamson, full-stack software engineer, Nashville, Tennessee
Second Place — SHARE (Sexual Health Analytic Risk Educator) is a data-driven, patient-centric risk tool and continuous record designed to help users estimate their personalized HIV risk profile and receive recommendations for HIV testing and PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis). Users list their partner(s) and provide information on sexual activity. The tool accounts for uncertainty in the HIV status of partners and calculates a probability of HIV infection across all partners for a given period. The Flutter-based app is made to be a private, accessible, and data-driven approach to recommending screening frequencies using personalized risk profiles to mitigate HIV transmission. SHARE can be used by individuals to self-assess their risks, by policymakers to enhance public health recommendations, and by health care professionals to offer personalized, evidence-based care according to an individual’s unique risk profile. Creators: Landy Sun, full-stack developer, and Andrea Olvera, data scientist, Houston, Texas
Third Place — Metacare.AI is a ChatGPT patient education assistant utilizing AI-driven guardrails to keep chats limited to medical topics, such as STI questions. Metacare.AI stems from the ambition to provide individuals with a private medium to discuss medically sensitive subjects with a large language model (LLM). The platform is designed to facilitate private, no-login-required, discussions between users and ChatGPT about health-centric subjects. With a focus on ensuring complete anonymity, it promises users a worry-free environment to explore topics like STIs without the fear of personal data exposure. It has its own API layer fortified by a BioBert AI model, fine-tuned to sift out spam or off-topic inquiries. Creator: Richard Braman, FLY HEALTH, Durham, North Carolina
NAM Reproductive Health, Equity, and Society Innovation Prize
Through a standardized numerical judging process, both NAM Innovation Prizes were awarded to Eric Sanchez, a data scientist from Greensboro, North Carolina, for two different innovative solutions:
- Health Watch is a mobile app designed to seamlessly merge the world of fitness tracking with the need for regular STI testing. Health Watch analyzes fitness metrics, sexual history, local STI trends/data, and user feedback to create a personalized risk profile without collecting any personally identifiable information. The algorithm considers each user’s sexual history, such as the number of sexual partners, condom usage, and last STI test date. Health Watch uses local health data to understand the current risk level in a user’s location. It also incorporates user feedback on any recent symptoms or sexual health concerns, if shared. When the time is right for the next STI test, Health Watch sends a reminder to the user.
- VR Community aims to revolutionize STI education through virtual reality (VR) to make learning about STIs engaging and accessible for all. The solution aims to educate, increase awareness, and reduce stigma and discrimination associated with STIs. VR Community aims to offer diverse learning formats, including community stories, quizzes, and bite-sized lessons in lifelike and immersive simulations. Users will be able to step into a world where they can see how STIs spread, understand the importance of using protection, recognize signs of common STIs, and comprehend the potential outcomes of unprotected sexual activity. VR Community will also engender empathy and address stigma by giving the user a chance to walk in the shoes of someone living with an STI, gaining profound insights that transform perceptions and attitudes.
Virtual Hackathon Honorable Mentions
Honorable Mentions: Three teams earned honorable mentions for their solutions.
- Protecto provides a virtual assistant (via chatbot) that educates the user about STIs, a VR space for people to visit and see symptoms of STIs, and a service that analyzes STI data. Creator: Hong Tran (Full-stack developer; Houston, Texas)
- Solace is a generative-AI-powered chatbot that converses with users about their sexual health, providing them with a plan for testing, personalized information, and nearby testing locations in under five minutes. Creators: Yash Raka (biomedical informatics student, Arizona State University) and Palak Shah (computational & systems biology/data science student, Northwestern University)
- Nursable.AI is a voice-activated AI tool that provides patient triage/preliminary diagnosis and is capable of conversing with the patient in multiple languages to answer STI questions, with real-time resources. Creators: Anna Skulteti (data analytics/project management), Oscar Florez (full-stack developer/generative AI, Long Beach, CA), and Itsuki Motomura (business/project management, San Diego, CA)
Virtual Hackathon Mentor Panel and Judges
Virtual Hackathon Mentor Panel:
- José Arturo Bauermeister, chair, Department of Family and Community Health, University of Pennsylvania
- Jen Hecht, co-founder and director, Building Healthy Online Communities
- Allysha C. Maragh-Bass, scientist, Behavioral, Epidemiological, and Clinical Sciences Division, FHI 360
- Alok Patra, public health informatics branch director, National Association of County and City Health Officials
- Jessica Willoughby, associate professor, Edward R. Murrow College of Communication, Washington State University
Virtual Hackathon Judges:
- Sonia Almonte, senior program analyst, National Association of County and City Health Officials
- Andre Berro, lead, informatics team, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Abhik Choudhury, senior analytics managing consultant and data scientist, IBM
For more information about the Hackathon, please contact [email protected].
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